A computer number system is a way to represent numbers in a form that computers can understand and process. There are four main types of number systems commonly used in computing:
1. Binary Number System (Base-2)
- Digits Used: 0, 1
- Example: 1011 (Binary for decimal 11)
- Usage: Internal computer processing; all data is represented in binary (on/off, true/false, 1/0)
2. Decimal Number System (Base-10)
- Digits Used: 0 to 9
- Example: 234 (Standard number system we use daily)
- Usage: Human-readable format; used in programming output and input
3. Octal Number System (Base-8)
- Digits Used: 0 to 7
- Example: 17 (Octal for decimal 15)
- Usage: Sometimes used in computing, especially in older systems and Unix file permissions
4. Hexadecimal Number System (Base-16)
- Digits Used: 0 to 9, A (10) to F (15)
- Example: 1A3 (Hex for decimal 419)
- Usage: Used in programming, memory addresses, and color codes in web design
Conversion Between Systems
- Computers often convert numbers between binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal for various operations.
- Example: Decimal 255 = Binary 11111111 = Octal 377 = Hex FF
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