Computer Number System

A computer number system is a way to represent numbers in a form that computers can understand and process. There are four main types of number systems commonly used in computing:

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1. Binary Number System (Base-2)

• Digits Used: 0, 1
• Example: 1011 (Binary for decimal 11)
• Usage: Internal computer processing; all data is represented in binary (on/off, true/false, 1/0)

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2. Decimal Number System (Base-10)

• Digits Used: 0 to 9
• Example: 234 (Standard number system we use daily)
• Usage: Human-readable format; used in programming output and input

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3. Octal Number System (Base-8)

• Digits Used: 0 to 7
• Example: 17 (Octal for decimal 15)
• Usage: Sometimes used in computing, especially in older systems and Unix file permissions

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4. Hexadecimal Number System (Base-16)

• Digits Used: 0 to 9, A (10) to F (15)
• Example: 1A3 (Hex for decimal 419)
• Usage: Used in programming, memory addresses, and color codes in web design

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Conversion Between Systems

• Computers often convert numbers between binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal for various operations.
• Example: Decimal 255 = Binary 11111111 = Octal 377 = Hex FF