Computer Hardware Basics

1. What is Computer Hardware?

Computer hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system—the parts you can touch.

2. Key Hardware Components:

a. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The "brain" of the computer.

Executes instructions and processes data.

Speed is measured in GHz (gigahertz).

b. Motherboard

The main circuit board.

Connects all components: CPU, RAM, storage, etc.

c. Random Access Memory (RAM)

Temporary memory for active processes.

More RAM = better multitasking.

d. Storage Devices

HDD (Hard Disk Drive): Slower, mechanical storage.

SSD (Solid State Drive): Faster, no moving parts.

e. Power Supply Unit (PSU)

Converts electricity to usable power for components.

f. Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

Renders images, videos, and animations.

Important for gaming, design, and AI tasks.

g. Input Devices

Devices you use to give input to a computer.

Example: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Webcam.

h. Output Devices

Devices that receive information from the computer.

Example: Monitor, Printer, Speakers.

i. Cooling System

Keeps components from overheating.

Example: Fans, Heat sinks, Liquid cooling.

3. Optional Components

Optical Drives: For reading/writing CDs/DVDs (less common now).

Expansion Cards: Add extra functions like sound or network cards.

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